TG10.2 - Model Codes Updating

Building on the accomplishments of TG10.1, which in 2023 successfully delivered the fib Model Code (2020), TG10.2 aims to establish a continuous updating process for the fib Model Code. The motivation behind this initiative is to ensure the continued relevance, accuracy, and applicability of the Model Code in the dynamically evolving field of structural concrete. This effort aligns seamlessly with the long-term vision of COM 10 for ongoing Model Code enhancement consistent with the strategic goals outlined in the fib Roadmap to carbon neutrality in 2050.

The primary objective of TG10.2 is to systematically improve and update the fib Model Code in response to the continuous technology and knowledge development of materials, technologies and the structural forms that can potentially be created using structural concrete.

Convener
Agnieszka Bigaj

Co-convener
Gerrie Dieteren

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TG10.3 - Examples of the Model Code

The Model Code (2020) represents the accomplishments of extensive research, analysis, and collective expertise, embodying the most up-to-date insights and best practices in concrete engineering. This task group, aims to translate the principles outlined in the Model Code (2020) into tangible examples that will serve as guidance for professionals and practitioners across the globe. The efforts are to enhance the understanding and application of the Model Code.

The task group aims to develop examples that comprehend a diverse array of challenges and scenarios encountered in real-world applications. These examples will not only illustrate the principles espoused by the Model Code but also provide practical insights for structural engineers.

The TG10.3 will focus on developing real design examples derived from the fib Model Code (2020). Examples will cover various aspects of structural design practices as outlined in the Model Code. The examples will address a wide range of challenges and scenarios encountered in real-world applications of concrete design.

The objectives will guide the task group to develop examples that demonstrate the principles and best practices outlined in the fib Model Code, ultimately contributing to disseminate best practices in structural design.

Convener
Marcelo Melo

Co-convener
Motohiro Ohno

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TG8.1 - Model technical specification for repairs and interventions

Task Group 8.1 is preparing a 'Compendium on Protection, Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Structures'. This aims to be a repository of large scope knowledge on the topic ‘rehabilitation’, containing short and specific (inspection, design, detailing, and execution) guidelines, listing reference documents (codes, technical reports, scientific papers) and presenting illustrative case studies on each subject.

A first draft of the compendium is almost ready to be reviewed by Commission 8 members, as well as by TG3.4 members. It is envisaged to be published as a technical report or a guide to good practice, depending on the commissions’ recommendations. The document includes three parts, organized in protection, repair and strengthening techniques. A template for methods’ guidelines, as well as a template for case-studies, has been delivered to authors to reach a harmonized presentation of each chapter.

Convener
Eduardo Júlio

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TG8.4 - Life cycle cost (LCC) - Design life and/or replacement cycle

The work of TG8.4 comprises the preparation of a state-of-the-art report on LCC including the following:

• A flow chart for life cycle cost analyses;
• Examples and/or case studies concerning life cycle cost evaluations of design strategies,including narratives and consequences of the favoured strategy;
• A risk analysis covering costs and benefits;
• Identification of hazard scenarios (weak points);
• Discussion on the value added by the LCC analyses including:
• Design;
• Inspection;
• Testing;
• Monitoring;
• Birth Certificate;
• Inspectability;
• Interventions.
• Reference to relevant fib documents.

Convener
José A. Campos e Matos

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TG8.8 - Design approaches

Throughout durability design there are a number of common inputs that should be handled in a consistent approach, e.g. reliability, cracking, exposure risk assessment, verification approaches.

This Task Group will maintain approaches that are consistent across different materials and durability design approaches consistency and provide liaison with other Commissions to ensure consistency across all aspects of Model Code.

The scope:

• This Task Group shall investigate various aspects that have a common impact on modelling of deterioration mechanisms but the TG is not directly involved in the mechanisms or materials.
• Many of these items are fundamental to all aspects of structural design and cannot be considered durability issues alone. However, the issues are key to durability design.

The work in TG8.8 is currently carried out in the Working Groups below.

Convener
Steinar Helland

Co-Convener
Joanitta Ndawula

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TG8.9 - Deterioration Mechanisms Related to Corrosion

TG8.9 will investigate models for the following deterioration processes: Rebar Corrosion Initiation; Rebar Corrosion Propagation; Abrasion, Erosion and Cavitation; Freeze Thaw Attack; Leaching; Water and Water Vapour Migration and Chemical Attack.

In MC2010 and Bulletin 34, some of these mechanisms have only loosely defined models and some have no models. MC2010 also has limited advice for exposure classes, performance tests, deemed to satisfy requirements and avoidance approaches.

The scope:

• This Task Group shall investigate prediction tools (models)
• Derive revised design rules, which ensure sufficient durability close to broadly accepted reliability levels of limit states identified in TG8.8 and to be considered in TG8.9 and TG3.4
• The TG will provide specific input into MC2020 but is expected to continue as a COM8 TG to continuously develop the solutions for the issues listed.

The work in TG8.9 is currently carried out in the following Working Groups:

• TG8.9 WG1 - Corrosion Initiation – Conveners: Amir Rahimi, Juan Lozano
• TG8.9 WG2 - Corrosion Propagation – Convener: Carmen Andrade
• TG8.9 WG3 - Chloride threshold – Conveners: Frank Papworth, Federica Lollini
• TG8.9 WG4 - Durability of steel Fiber reinforced Concrete (SFRC) – Convener: David Gardiner

Convener
Carmen Andrade

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TG8.11 - Testing and Monitoring

Durability design of concrete structures may incorporate a number of performance-based requirements depending on the deterioration mechanisms and exposure conditions to consider. While exposure definitions and performance-based requirements are dealt with in other fib TG’s, well documented test procedures for relevant materials properties are needed for support of the durability design and subsequent quality assurance. This includes well-founded probabilistic definitions for those properties.

The objective of Task Group 8.11 is to provide guidance on test methods and corresponding acceptance criteria and testing frequencies concerning quality assurance of concrete production. Furthermore, the objective is to link performance-requirements of concrete as yielded from durability design with the execution. For the latter, all stages of concrete production, i.e. pre-testing in the laboratory, trial testing in laboratory and on-site, and testing of running production are considered.

The work in TG8.11 is currently carried out in the following Working Groups:

• TG8.11 WG1 - Testing New Concrete – Convener: Carola Edvardsen
• TG8.11 WG2 - Monitoring of Concrete – Convener: Joan Casas Rius

Convener
Carola Edvardsen

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TG8.12 - Deterioration mechanisms related to other phenomena

TBD

TBD

The work in TG8.12 is currently carried out in the following Working Groups:

• TG8.12 WG1 - Freeze-Thaw – Convener: Suraneni
• TG8.12 WG2 - Abrasion/erosion and cavitation – Convener: Thomas Vogel
• TG8.12 WG3 - Chemical and biogenic attack, and leaching – Convener: Bertron
• TG8.12 WG4 - Internal Attacks (ASR/DEF) – Convener: Rajabipour

Convener
Manu Santhanam

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TG7.1 - Sustainable Concrete - general framework

Affordability, availability and variability of concrete in connection with strength and durability has made concrete the most used construction material in the world. Use of advanced concrete structures represents important potential in the way towards sustainability of built environment. Concrete and concrete structures should contribute to the development of a sustainably built environment in a socially, environmentally and economically responsible manner.

Definition of a basic framework of sustainable concrete design and an assessment considering environmental, economic and social aspects. The framework will focus on different types of concrete structures - buildings, bridges, roads, water structures etc. and their construction and operation in various specific regional conditions. The entire life cycle will be considered.

Commission Chair
Petr Hájek

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TG7.3 - Concrete made with recycled materials – Life cycle perspective

The objective of TG7.3 is to collect statistical data on concrete production, waste generation and those related to resource recycling in the world. The objective also includes an investigation of:

• the properties of recycled materials for concrete made from waste and by-products,
• the properties of concrete with recycled materials and their applications
• concrete recycling technologies, and
• the environmental impact caused during recycling of concrete waste.

Finally, TG7.3 will publish a state-of-the-art report on concrete with recycled materials such as demolished concrete, ceramics, glass, ashes, organic waste, etc. and to propose the ideal future for recycling concrete resources considering aspects of durability and recyclability of concrete, and minimising the environmental impact in the life cycle.

Convener
Takafumi Noguchi

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TG7.4 - Sustainable civil structures

The different phases of a civil structure project, from planning to end of service life, demand different methodologies. The phases include the feasibility phase, conceptual design, detailed design, construction, operation and maintenance and end of life/re-use. In the feasibility phase, for instance, different alignments are possible as well as different structural solutions (different tunnel and bridge solutions). The possibility of influencing the construction costs and environmental impact lies mainly in the feasibility phase.

The objective of the task group is to develop a methodology for optimising the design process leading to lower life cycle cost and more environmentally friendly civil structures. The way of doing this is to apply life cycle costs and life cycle assessment tools in the civil structure design process.

Convener
Alena Kohoutková

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TG7.5 - Environmental product declarations (EPD) and equivalent performance of concrete

The objective of Task Group 7.5 will be two-fold:

• to recommend preferred approaches (road maps) for establishing "equivalent performance" of low environmental impact concrete typically containing high amounts of supplementary cementitious materials and therefore in terms of composition falls outside the prescriptions found in existing standards/regulations. By equivalent performance is understood that the concrete has acceptable production, structural and durability properties for its intended use. Clear road maps for establishing equivalent performance are a prerequisite and will likely act as a catalyst for increased use of such lower environmental impact concrete compositions to the benefit of the global community.
• to establish best available technologies for Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) on concrete compositions (mix designs). EPDs are an emerging means, which, if performed on a common basis, allow a comparison of the environmental impact of different concrete compositions/products. As such, EPDs may be used by the consumer (end-user) to make a qualified decision concerning the choice of concrete, e.g. as requirements to the environmental performance can be verified and therefore also specified.

Convener
Costantino Menna

Co-Convener
Ladin Camci

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TG7.6 - Resilient structures

The objective of this task group is to highlight criticalities in current structural design practice and to provide fundamentals to address the design, the maintenance and the retrofit principles towards resilient structures in sustainable urban systems, and more broadly, in view of smart cities.

TG7.6 aims to develop guidelines to help diverse stakeholders involved within such processes to face resilience issues through a multiscale approach.

These guidelines will approach resilience issues according to a multiscale approach, starting from the single building scale. Structural design principles are rethought from the point of view of the practicality, reparability, robustness and serviceability in the aftermath of a catastrophe. Particularly, performance goals are recognised to define new resilience-based limit states, in order to enhance disaster preparedness and response of urban structures. Innovative and novel standards and metrics are implemented within the guidelines, as a support to the development of post-event strategic intervention, protection and response technologies and recovery strategies.

Convener
Domenico Asprone

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TG7.7 - Sustainable concrete masonry components and structures

Current requirements on energy efficiency, building comfort and sustainability have stimulated a growing use of new concrete technologies for construction and retrofit of (i) load-bearing walls in unreinforced, reinforced and confined masonry buildings and (ii) cladding, infill and partition walls in reinforced concrete or steel framed building structures. In that respect, researchers, designers, construction companies and building owners have paid special attention to the use of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) and light-weight aggregate concrete (LWAC) with recycled waste aggregates for production of innovative concrete masonry units (CMUs). It is also emphasised that CMUs may be formulated with special aggregates to produce specific colours or textures for finish use.

The scope and objective of TG7.7 will move in that direction in order to develop a general methodology for construction, design, assessment and retrofit of concrete masonry panels and walls.

Convener
Fulvio Parisi

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TG7.8 - Recycled Materials and industrial by-products for high performance reinforced concrete structures

The objective of Task Force 7.8 within fib Commission 7 is to address the sustainable use of materials through the effective exploitation of waste materials and industrial by-products, for the production of high-performance concrete with enhanced durability.

The objective of the task group 7.8 is to highlight critical aspects in current practice in waste recycling and use of secondary materials for high performance concrete. It shall address the state of the art, best practice and also identify and analyse gaps in the exploitation of waste materials with potential for delivery of high-performance durable concrete.

The task group aims at developing a framework for guidelines to help different stakeholders involved within the recycling industry and the producers of HPC, in order to facilitate the production and classification of materials but also their exploitation for HPC optimisation.

The Task Force is to address the following key areas:

• The production of high-performance concrete based on waste and industrial by-products.
• Use of waste materials as a substitute for aggregate
• Use of by-products as supplementary cementitious materials.
• Resilience of reinforced concrete structures with improved structural performance through the application of industrial by-products for safe structures, promoting sustainability practices.
• LCA applications & integrated end of life considerations for waste recycling to produce high performance concrete.
• Framework for Guidelines for the production and classification of waste and its application in high performance concrete.

Convener
Ruben Paul Borg

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TG6.1 - Prestressed hollow core floors

During the last decade, the prestressed hollow core slab itself, the use of the HC slab, the functions of the HC floor and the knowledge on the performances of prestressed hollow core floors in various applications have evolved a great deal, which justifies a complete revision of the design recommendations.

The objective of TG6.1 is to revise the design recommendations for precast pre-stressed hollow core floors according to today’s state of the art.

New subjects will be added to the recommendations, based on practical needs of the stakeholders and experiences gained in several projects in which members of the task group were involved.

Convener
Stef Maas

Co-convener
Ronald Klein-Holte

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TG6.2 - Quality control for precast concrete

The goal of Task Group 6.2 (TG6.2) is to prepare a state-of-the-art report describing the steps, procedures and rules for the quality control of precast concrete, with respect to both production and product quality, to improve the quality of prefabricated construction.

The report produced is intended to serve as a basic specification guide for plants and produced precast concrete elements, defining a program of quality control to monitor the production by measurement or by comparison to acceptable standards. The following topics will be included:

• plant quality assurance program;
• material and accessories;
• production;
• transport and erection;
• recommended testing equipment;
• quality control operations;
• maintenance.

Convener
Dean Frank

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TG6.3 - Sustainability of structures with precast elements

Sustainability is considered a main aspect for the future of construction therefore for prefabrication as well. COM6 and PCI have had a close cooperation since 2008 on issues of mutual interest, with the comparison of respective approaches and the development of common publications. PCI has produced various works dealing with sustainability of precast structures and is currently developing a large investigation program on this subject. The fib has also developed a large amount of work on sustainability. Presently, the work regarding sustainability is being developed in COM7.

The first activity of TG6.3 was the study of the most recent work developed on sustainability and in particular Life Cycle Assessment regarding structures where precast concrete elements are used. Then, the TG worked on the drafting of recommendations regarding the study and assessment of precast concrete elements and structures, with respect to sustainability. This covered all aspects regarding this kind of structures, from planning, design, execution, use, maintenance, and remedial activities, up to dismantling, reuse and recycling. This conclusion of this work of the TG was the publication of the joint PCI-fib Bulletin 88 Sustainability of precast structures.

The final objective of the TG involves the proposal of a multi-criteria decision-making model that can be used for the assessment of the sustainability of structures with precast elements.

Convener
Albert de la Fuente

Co-Convener
Irene Josa

Co-Convener
David Fernández-Ordóñez

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TG6.4 - Precast concrete towers for wind power generators

Wind energy production is a growing industry. The energy produced is renewable and environmentally cleaner than most production means.

Supports for the wind energy generators may be built with precast concrete elements, which can be a competitive solution compared to other structural systems.

The evolution of technology for wind energy production shows a clear need for larger wind turbines and, consequently, taller towers. Experience also shows that precast solutions are even more competitive with higher towers.

Offshore wind farms have some advantages over onshore wind farms, which explain recent investments in the area. In this case, the durability of concrete in the marine environment, compared to steel gives greater advantage to precast concrete solutions.

TG6.4 will produce a state-of-the-art report analysing and discussing the main issues related to conception, design, detailing, construction and environmental aspects of precast structural solutions.

Convener
Juan-Carlos Lancha

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TG6.5 - Precast concrete bridges

Precast concrete bridges are frequently used in almost every country. Nevertheless, while it would ppear that similar practices are generally followed, the reality is that different places and cultures follow different traditions and conventions.

The group will connect the work of both PCI and fib. PCI has developed a large amount of information and publications on precast bridges.

The group will also connect the work of both Commission 1 “Concrete Structures” and Commission 6 “Prefabrication”. Both Commissions have been working on the subject of bridges, Commission 1 has an active task group on bridges and has recently published Bulletin 32 “Guidelines for the design of footbridges”. On the other hand, Commission 6 has published a state-of-the-art report regarding precast bridges, Bulletin 23 “Precast Concrete Bridges”.

Convener
Marcello Waimberg

Co-Convener
Ken-ichi Kata

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TG6.6 - Retrofitting of precast seismic structures

Topics to be covered within the bulletin could be:

• lessons learned and damage observation or better damage mechanisms observed in previous earthquake and associated performance of precast buildings;
• list of typical critical or less critical vulnerabilities of this class of buildings;
• simplified assessment methodology based on different levels of complexity, from quick screening (pre- or post-damage) without drawings to quick evaluation with drawings, to more detailed analysis and ultimately numerical analysis (computer based);
• overarching retrofit strategies (e.g. drift control or local ductility, thus implying a combination of global vs. local intervention);
• scenario/flowcharts of possible techniques (presented only conceptually but with practical aspects) to fulfil/achieve the targeted retrofitted performance;
• high-level (schematic) discussion of pros and cons of each retrofit solution including cost, invasiveness, downtime and other indirect but important parameters for the owner, tenants, insurer etc.

Convener
Stefano Pampanin

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TG6.8 - Terminology for precast concrete

In fib bulletins, the terminology and language used was not uniformly understood by experts from various countries throughout the world.

The objective is to create a technical report that lists the common terminology used in the prefabrication industry along with an explanation describing the terms. There may be multiple terms used with the same definition.

Convener
Jason Krohn

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TG6.9 - Precast parking structures

Besides the traffic congestion, one of the most prevalent problems in large urban agglomerations where cars are the dominant mode of transportation, vehicles spend most of the time parked. Particularly in the central areas both challenges are interrelated, since looking for parking spaces, causes congestion in circulation.

Precast concrete is generally used in the constructions of structures and buildings facilitating urban mobility (e.g. airports, stations, bridges, etc.). Precast concrete offers important advantages: large spans by using prestressed elements, speed of erection, low environmental impact, low maintenance costs and many more.

Despite the fact this bulletin mentions the advantages of precast concrete in parking garages several times, there is a clear need to inspire designers and architects with more examples and best practices from all over the world, considering new local needs.

This report should encourage architects and designers to use precast (prestressed) concrete for car parking structures. The report will gather examples from all over the world showing how functional, safety and aesthetics requirements can be fulfilled by using precast concrete.

The report shows the variety of precast concrete elements that can be used for this specific type of buildings, depending on the conceptual design and the aesthetic requirements.

Convener
Larbi Sennour

Co-Convener
Iria Doniak

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TG6.11 - Vison of precast concrete on social challenges

TBD

Convener
Mischa Falger

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